Most hemp and cannabis fans are familiar with tetrahydrocannabinol or THC. Out of hundreds of different terpenes and cannabinoids such as CBD (cannabidiol), CBN (cannabinol), CBG (cannabigerol), THC is the most (in)famous thanks to its psychoactive effects that produce that high feeling you’re usually seeking. (Compare these other natural cannabinoids to substances like hexahydrocannabinol (HHC), which are derived from THC.)
Hemp plants and cannabis plants secrete cannabinoids including delta-8 THC, delta-9 THC, the intoxicating component in cannabis we most often think of, and others like CBD. Delta-8 THC occurs in CBD hemp flower in very low concentrations of less than 1%.
Delta-8-THC and Delta-9 THC are very similar, with just a couple of atomic bonds distinguishing them, but Delta-8 THC is a unique cannabinoid with its own properties and chemical composition.
Cannabinoids like Delta-9 THC, Delta-8-THC, and CBD bind with the CB1 and CB2 receptors to make up the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS is activated when the body produces endocannabinoids—compounds structured much like cannabinoids—and moderates processes and functions such as sleep, appetite, immune responses, mood, and more.
Delta-8 THC creates a relatively weak bond with CB1 receptors for which it has weak preference. Based on its structure and how it interacts with the ECS, Delta-8 THC impacts the brain and spinal cord mildly for lighter effects.
Delta-8 THC is present in small amounts in almost all cannabis plants, and it can easily be extracted from them. However, since it makes up only about 1% of all cannabinoids present in hemp, most vendors synthesize it from CBD.
Similar to other hemp products, Delta-8 THC products are made by refining CBD into a pure isolate, via extraction, winterization, and decarboxylation processes. Then it is infused as an isolated extract into an edible base to create gummies or into a carrier oil to make tinctures, other edibles, or capsules. Products like disposable vape pens, and delta 8 vape cartridges and more are also on the market.
This is not always an easy question to answer. The legality of delta-8 products depends on cannabis/cannabinoid extraction method and location. Legally, there is a difference between hemp and marijuana, although they’re essentially the same plant, scientifically.
According to the 2018 Farm bill, marijuana under federal law is defined as any Cannabis sativa plant with over 0.3% delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration, and prohibits any such plant. It also classifies hemp plants as federally legal and defines them as cannabis plants with less than 0.3% THC.
Delta-8 products are made by directly extracting delta-8 THC from the hemp plant rather than cannabis plants. The inherently lower levels of delta-9 THC in hemp are what control the legality of delta-8 at the federal level.
Currently, multiple states restrict or ban the ability to buy Delta-8 THC or are taking steps to do so:
Check local laws before you order delta-8 products.
Because it occurs in such low concentrations in cannabis plants (technically, the way it’s usually made, hemp plants), delta-8 THC typically comes in the form of distillate. The final delta-8 THC product is thick and translucent, resembling CBD distillate.
Use delta 8 THC products only how they are intended. The most common ways to use delta-8 THC include a vape pen, edibles, or tinctures.
Ingesting Vs. Inhaling Delta-8
As you shop for and buy delta-8 THC products, consider all of the kinds that are out there:
Ingesting edibles delays their effects, including for delta-8 THC gummies. This is because anything ingested passes through the digestive system. In the case of THC, it is metabolized by the liver and converted into 11-hydroxy-THC.
All of this simply means it may take 60 to 120 minutes to start feeling the effects of delta-8 THC. However, they also deliver a more lasting high that only peaks after two or three hours—like any edible. In fact, Delta-9, Delta-10 THC, and Delta-8 all convert into 11-hydroxy-THC in the liver and otherwise produce effects similar to other cannabis edibles.
Vaping a delta-8 cartridge or delta-8 vape juice means that the cannabinoid bypasses the liver and goes straight into your lungs. That way it has a direct path to the bloodstream and is not converted into 11-hydroxy-THC. Inhalation produces much more rapid effects with at least something of a buzz in 10 to 30 minutes.
Some people buy Delta-8 tinctures for similar reasons, as they can feel the effects sooner (while still avoiding smoking or vaping).
Based on being extracted from the hemp plant, its legal status, and the fact that Delta-8 THC can be extracted from CBD, there is often some confusion, and some even refer to one substance called Delta-8 CBD. However, CBD Delta-8 is not really a thing. These are two unique cannabinoids with distinct effects and qualities.
After Delta-9-THC, cannabidiol (CBD) is the second most abundant cannabinoid. Found in cannabis plants, it is simple to extract CBD from them. As research began to demonstrate the therapeutic effects of CBD products in patients with Epilepsy, Epidiolex became the first-ever cannabis-derived medicine legalized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Delta-8 THC is much more similar to Delta-9 THC than to CBD. And while research indicates that THC and CBD share many beneficial properties, Delta-8 THC is still tetrahydrocannabinol, so its effects are more similar to Delta-9 THC than to CBD.
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